January is Thyroid Awareness Month, a time to spotlight a small gland that has a big impact on your overall health, the thyroid.
“The thyroid is a gland located in the neck that produces hormones, such as T3 and T4, which help control metabolism, heart rate, body temperature, and energy levels,” explains OCH’s Tessa Gingerich, PA, with the OCH Goodman Family Clinic.
“Because thyroid hormones influence so many systems in the body, even minor imbalances can affect how you feel day to day.”
What Does the Thyroid Do?
The thyroid helps regulate how the body uses energy, which impacts:
- Metabolism
- Heart rate and body temperature
- Energy levels
- Overall bodily function
“When the thyroid isn’t functioning properly, it can contribute to a wide range of medical conditions,” Gingerich says. “That’s why thyroid health plays such a large role in overall wellness.”
Common Thyroid Disorders
The two most common thyroid conditions are hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.
Hypothyroidism (Underactive Thyroid)
This occurs when the thyroid does not produce enough hormones. Symptoms may include:
- Fatigue or low energy
- Weight gain
- Sensitivity to cold
- Dry skin or hair thinning
- Depression or brain fog
Hyperthyroidism (Overactive Thyroid)
This happens when the thyroid produces too much hormone. Symptoms may include:
- Weight loss
- Rapid or irregular heartbeat
- Anxiety or irritability
- Trouble sleeping
- Heat intolerance
How Is Thyroid Disease Diagnosed?
Thyroid disease is most often diagnosed through a combination of lab work, medical history, and a physical exam.
“Thyroid disease is diagnosed primarily through blood tests such as TSH, or thyroid-stimulating hormone, along with a review of symptoms and a physical exam of the neck and thyroid gland,” Gingerich explains.
Lab results help providers determine how the thyroid is functioning.
“In hypothyroidism, we typically see a high TSH with a low T4,” Gingerich says. “With hyperthyroidism, TSH is usually low, while T3 and T4 levels are high. Additional testing or imaging may also be needed depending on the situation.”
Who Should Get Their Thyroid Checked?
Thyroid disorders can affect anyone, but certain people may be at higher risk, including:
- Women
- Individuals with a family history of thyroid disease
- People with autoimmune conditions
- Anyone experiencing unexplained fatigue, weight changes, or temperature sensitivity
“If you’re experiencing symptoms, have a family history of thyroid disease, or are simply curious about your thyroid health, it’s a good idea to schedule a wellness exam,” Gingerich advises.
Why Thyroid Awareness Matters
Millions of people live with thyroid disease, and many remain undiagnosed. Raising awareness helps encourage early testing and treatment, leading to better long-term health.
“Your thyroid gland plays a huge role in your overall healthcare,” Gingerich says. “Getting it properly checked can help ensure you’re on the right path toward a healthy lifestyle.”
This Thyroid Awareness Month, listen to your body, and talk with your healthcare provider if something doesn’t feel quite right.
To schedule an appointment with an OCH provider, such as Tessa, visit ochonline.net/locations today!